{"id":36411,"date":"2026-10-20T06:39:42","date_gmt":"2026-10-20T06:39:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/?post_type=insight-and-news&#038;p=36411"},"modified":"2026-10-21T02:16:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T02:16:20","slug":"legal-update-what-are-you-actually-guarding-against-an-unusual-court-case-about-non-competition-clause-for-a-security-guard","status":"publish","type":"insight-and-news","link":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/legal-update-what-are-you-actually-guarding-against-an-unusual-court-case-about-non-competition-clause-for-a-security-guard\/","title":{"rendered":"Legal Update: What are you actually guarding against? \u2013 an unusual court case about non-competition clause for a security guard"},"content":{"rendered":"\n    \n\n<div style=\"background-image:url('https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/wp-content\/themes\/tanner-de-witt\/images\/insightdetails.jpeg')\"\n    class=\"insight-news-detail-hero\" id=\"insight-news-detail-hero\">\n\n\t\t<div style=\"background-color:\" class=\"insight-news-detail-hero-overlay \"><\/div>\n            <div class=\"z-[0]\">\n                <div class=\"insight-news-breadcrumbs flex items-end practice-areas-featured-breadcrumbs \">\n                    <a class=\"page-link no-underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/\">\u9996\u9801<\/a>                <\/div>\n\n\n                <div class=\"hero-title\">\n                    <h1>\n                        Legal Update: What are you actually guarding against? \u2013 an unusual court case about non-competition clause for a security guard                    <\/h1>\n                <\/div>\n                \n                    <div style=\"\" class=\"hero-date \">\n\n                        <span class=\"month\">Oct<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"day\">20<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"year\">2026<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n    \n\n    \n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<script >\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n\n            const breadCrumbsContainer = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll(\".practice-areas-featured-breadcrumbs\"));\n\n            breadCrumbsContainer.forEach(container => {\n                const breadCrumbLinks = Array.from(container.querySelectorAll('.page-link'));\n                const breadCrumbSeperators = Array.from(container.querySelectorAll('.separator'));\n\n                if (Array.from(breadCrumbLinks).length === 1) {\n                    const homeNode = breadCrumbLinks[0];\n\n                    if (!homeNode) {\n                        return\n                    }\n\n                    const postTypeNode = homeNode.cloneNode(true);\n                    postTypeNode.textContent = \"Insights and News\";\n                    container.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<span class=\"separator practice-areas-featured-breadcrumb-item-slash\">\/<\/span>`)\n                    container.insertAdjacentElement('beforeend', postTypeNode)\n                    breadCrumbLinks.push(postTypeNode);\n\n                    if (\"Insights\") {\n                        const categoryNode = homeNode.cloneNode(true);\n\n                        categoryNode.textContent = \"Insights\";\n                        container.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<span class=\"separator practice-areas-featured-breadcrumb-item-slash\">\/<\/span>`)\n                        container.insertAdjacentElement('beforeend', categoryNode)\n                        breadCrumbLinks.push(categoryNode);\n                    }\n\n\n                    const titleNode = homeNode.cloneNode(true);\n\n                    titleNode.textContent = \"Legal Update: What are you actually guarding against? \u2013 an unusual court case about non-competition clause for a security guard\";\n                    container.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', `<span class=\"separator practice-areas-featured-breadcrumb-item-slash\">\/<\/span>`)\n                    container.insertAdjacentElement('beforeend', titleNode)\n                    breadCrumbLinks.push(titleNode);\n\n\n\n\n                }\n\n                breadCrumbLinks.forEach((link, index) => {\n\n                    link.classList.add('practice-areas-featured-breadcrumb-item-name');\n                    const origin = window.location.origin;\n                    const href = window.location.href;\n\n                    const originSplitter = window.location.href.includes(\"insight-and-news\") ? \"insight-and-news\" : window.location.href.includes('insights-and-news') ? \"insights-and-news\" : \"\"\n\n                    const paths = href.split(originSplitter);\n                    const links = paths[1].split(\"\/\").filter(Boolean)\n\n\n                    const resolvedOrigin = originSplitter ? 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The common factors that the court will look at include the nature of the industry in question, the employee\u2019s position, role and seniority, the length of restricted period and commercial need for such, the geographical coverage of the restrictions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Lack of Protectable Interests<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Plaintiff argued that property management depended heavily on trust between frontline personnel and residents and that the Defendant had acquired knowledge of residents\u2019 access habits, private information and complaint histories. On this basis, the Plaintiff considered that the trust accumulated through the Plaintiff\u2019s training and operations would be transferred to a competitor if he remained at the same building.<\/p>\n<p>The Defendant argued that there is no evidence that the Defendant\u2019s contact with the relevant residents can constitute protectable interest of the Plaintiff; nor was there any evidence supporting that the Defendant had gained meaningful influence over the relevant incorporated owners.<\/p>\n<p>The Court agreed with the Defendant noting in particular that the Defendant did not have:-<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>(i) any management or decision-making responsibility or access to trade secrets; and<\/li>\n<li>(ii) any sufficient personal influence over the owners\u2019 corporation or residents;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>having regard to the fact that the management contract of the buildings are between the relevant owners\u2019 corporations and property management company such as the Plaintiff (i.e. that they do not have any direct contractual relationship with the individual security guards)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Scope not reasonable<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Court did not consider the Restriction to be reasonable given that:-<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>extended to all buildings to which the Defendant had been assigned throughout his employment and contained no geographical limit;<\/li>\n<li>a 12-month restraint was, on its face, excessive for a junior employee whose contractual notice period was only 15 days;<\/li>\n<li>the Defendant was a junior employee earning HK$12,000 per month and there was no evidence that his position gave him access to confidential business information or meaningful influence over customers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In the circumstances, the Court held that the Covenant was invalid and dismissed the Plaintiff\u2019s claims.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/h6>\n<p>It is relatively rare to see a court decision on enforceability of post-termination restrictions concerning employees of this type. Whilst the answer to the question is not unexpected, it is useful to summarise a few important points raised by the case, which may apply to other cases.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Importance of particulars<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Court in this case noted that the closing submission by the Plaintiff \u201cis the first time in this case that the plaintiff has raised the alleged business interests\u201d as the Plaintiff did not set out the issue in its Statement of Claim.<\/p>\n<p>The importance to plead sufficient particulars of the business interest was emphasized in the case of <em><u>Natuzzi Spa v De Coro Ltd<\/u><\/em> [2006] HKEC 1077 stated that:-<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<em>Since the <u>burden of establishing the enforceability of a restrictive covenant rests on the Plaintiff<\/u>, it <u>should have pleaded the same with full particulars<\/u> including all facts and matters relied upon by it to assert that the covenant is enforceable. A bare assertion that the clause is enforceable is not enough. <u>It should plead the interests it relied upon and how such interests reasonably warrant a protection as wide as that embodied in the contract<\/u> &#8230;<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>[underlined is our emphasis]<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Consideration of seniority<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Court also mentioned a number of times in its decision the lack of seniority of the employee in question (i.e. the Defendant).<\/p>\n<p>The obvious message is that the seniority of an employee is often forms an important part of the consideration in the court\u2019s assessment of enforceability of a post-termination restriction (as mentioned).<\/p>\n<p>The ancillary point, however, is that when an employer should have different post-termination restriction for different levels of employees as opposed to adopting a one-size-fits-all approach (see <em><u>Moxie Communications Ltd v. Lai Cheuk Lok <\/u><\/em>[2024] HKDC 1323).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Length of restriction<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Generally, non-competition clauses are more difficult to enforce than other type of restrictive covenants, particularly if they could already protect the interests of the employer. Therefore, a reasonable length of restriction is important for the clauses to be enforceable.<\/p>\n<p>The Court have noted that a 12-month restriction is on the higher end of the spectrum and requires cogent evidence to justify. See for example paragraph 22 of <em><u>WPP Marketing Communications (Hong Kong) Ltd v Christopher O\u2019Donnell<\/u><\/em> [2013] HKEC 1346 and paragraph 39 of <em><u>BFAM Partners (Hong Kong) Ltd v Gareth John Mills and another<\/u><\/em> [2021] HKEC 4452.<\/p>\n<p>In this case, the 12-month restriction was held to be, <em>prima facie<\/em>, too lengthy and unreasonable, considering the Defendant\u2019s junior position, monthly salary of HK$12,000 and the notice period of mere 15 days for termination.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Relevant information<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>See relevant discussion regarding protective covenants restraining competition in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/insight-and-news\/the-hong-kong-market-entry-playbook\/\">The Hong Kong Market Entry Playbook &#8211; Tanner De Witt<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Russell Bennett <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>and Mark Chiu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>For more information on employment matters, please contact:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/russell-bennett\/\"><em>Russell Bennett<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Partner | <\/em><a href=\"mailto:russellbennett@tannerdewitt.com\"><em>russellbennett@tannerdewitt.com<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/mark-chiu\/\"><em>Mark Chiu<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Partner | <\/em><a href=\"mailto:markchiu@tannerdewitt.com\"><em>markchiu@tannerdewitt.com<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Disclaimer: This publication is general in nature and is not intended to constitute legal advice. You should seek professional advice before taking any action in relation to the matters dealt with in this publication. This article was published on 20 October 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n    <div class=\"tdw-three-cols-two-rows-article\" id=\"\">\n        <div style=\"background:#FFFFFF\"\n            class=\"three-cols-two-rows    \" id=\"three-cols-two-rows\">\n\n            <div class=\"three-cols-two-rows-title-button\">\n                <div class=\"flex flex-row justify-between w-[100%] max-w-[1360px] mx-auto\">\n                    <h3 class=\"title no-underline\">Featured Articles<\/h3>\n                    <div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n                  \n\n                    <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"three-cols-two-rows-container\">\n\n                                                                                        \n<a class=\"h-[100%] block no-underline group\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/legal-update-what-are-you-actually-guarding-against-an-unusual-court-case-about-non-competition-clause-for-a-security-guard\/\">\n    <div style=\"background:#F8F8F8\" class=\"h-[100%]  article-card\"\n        id=\"article-card\">\n        <div class=\"article-card-header\">\n                                                <span style=\"color:#781d7e\" class=\"article-caption\">Insights<\/span>\n                \n            \n            <div class=\"article-title no-underline group-hover:!underline line-clamp-3\">\n                Legal Update: What are you actually guarding against? \u2013 an unusual court case about non-competition clause for a security guard\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-author-and-date-container \">\n                            <span data-href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/russell-bennett\/\"\n                    class=\"article-author cursor-pointer hover:underline\">\n                    Russell Bennett<\/span>\n\n            \n                            <svg width=\"5\" height=\"5\" viewBox=\"0 0 5 5\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path\n                        d=\"M0.680664 2.56641V2.20605C0.680664 1.70215 0.838867 1.28613 1.15527 0.958008C1.47754 0.629883 1.91406 0.46582 2.46484 0.46582C3.02148 0.46582 3.46094 0.629883 3.7832 0.958008C4.10547 1.28613 4.2666 1.70215 4.2666 2.20605V2.56641C4.2666 3.06445 4.10547 3.47754 3.7832 3.80566C3.4668 4.12793 3.03027 4.28906 2.47363 4.28906C1.92285 4.28906 1.48633 4.12793 1.16406 3.80566C0.841797 3.47754 0.680664 3.06445 0.680664 2.56641Z\"\n                        fill=\"#656363\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            \n            <span>20 10 \u6708 2026<\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n<script>\n\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n            const author = document.querySelector(\".article-author\");\n\n            author.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\n                e.stopPropagation();\n\n                window.location = author.getAttribute('data-href')\n            });\n        });\n    })();\n\n<\/script>                        \n                                                                        \n<a class=\"h-[100%] block no-underline group\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/key-employment-issues-from-the-2026-policy-address\/\">\n    <div style=\"background:#F8F8F8\" class=\"h-[100%]  article-card\"\n        id=\"article-card\">\n        <div class=\"article-card-header\">\n                                                <span style=\"color:#781d7e\" class=\"article-caption\">Insights<\/span>\n                \n            \n            <div class=\"article-title no-underline group-hover:!underline line-clamp-3\">\n                Key Employment Issues from the 2026 Policy Address\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-author-and-date-container \">\n                            <span data-href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/russell-bennett\/\"\n                    class=\"article-author cursor-pointer hover:underline\">\n                    Russell Bennett<\/span>\n\n            \n                            <svg width=\"5\" height=\"5\" viewBox=\"0 0 5 5\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path\n                        d=\"M0.680664 2.56641V2.20605C0.680664 1.70215 0.838867 1.28613 1.15527 0.958008C1.47754 0.629883 1.91406 0.46582 2.46484 0.46582C3.02148 0.46582 3.46094 0.629883 3.7832 0.958008C4.10547 1.28613 4.2666 1.70215 4.2666 2.20605V2.56641C4.2666 3.06445 4.10547 3.47754 3.7832 3.80566C3.4668 4.12793 3.03027 4.28906 2.47363 4.28906C1.92285 4.28906 1.48633 4.12793 1.16406 3.80566C0.841797 3.47754 0.680664 3.06445 0.680664 2.56641Z\"\n                        fill=\"#656363\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            \n            <span>22 9 \u6708 2026<\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n<script>\n\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n            const author = document.querySelector(\".article-author\");\n\n            author.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\n                e.stopPropagation();\n\n                window.location = author.getAttribute('data-href')\n            });\n        });\n    })();\n\n<\/script>                        \n                                                                        \n<a class=\"h-[100%] block no-underline group\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/another-post-re-usum-decision-hong-kong-court-grants-disclosure-relief-in-aid-of-bvi-liquidation\/\">\n    <div style=\"background:#F8F8F8\" class=\"h-[100%]  article-card\"\n        id=\"article-card\">\n        <div class=\"article-card-header\">\n                                                <span style=\"color:#781d7e\" class=\"article-caption\">Insights<\/span>\n                \n            \n            <div class=\"article-title no-underline group-hover:!underline line-clamp-3\">\n                Another post-Re USUM decision: Hong Kong Court grants disclosure relief in aid of BVI liquidation\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-author-and-date-container \">\n                            <span data-href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/natalie-lam\/\"\n                    class=\"article-author cursor-pointer hover:underline\">\n                    Natalie Lam<\/span>\n\n            \n                            <svg width=\"5\" height=\"5\" viewBox=\"0 0 5 5\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path\n                        d=\"M0.680664 2.56641V2.20605C0.680664 1.70215 0.838867 1.28613 1.15527 0.958008C1.47754 0.629883 1.91406 0.46582 2.46484 0.46582C3.02148 0.46582 3.46094 0.629883 3.7832 0.958008C4.10547 1.28613 4.2666 1.70215 4.2666 2.20605V2.56641C4.2666 3.06445 4.10547 3.47754 3.7832 3.80566C3.4668 4.12793 3.03027 4.28906 2.47363 4.28906C1.92285 4.28906 1.48633 4.12793 1.16406 3.80566C0.841797 3.47754 0.680664 3.06445 0.680664 2.56641Z\"\n                        fill=\"#656363\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            \n            <span>14 9 \u6708 2026<\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n<script>\n\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n            const author = document.querySelector(\".article-author\");\n\n            author.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\n                e.stopPropagation();\n\n                window.location = author.getAttribute('data-href')\n            });\n        });\n    })();\n\n<\/script>                        \n                                                                        \n<a class=\"h-[100%] block no-underline group\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/cybersecurity-for-banks-after-the-critical-infrastructure-ordinance-same-same-but-different\/\">\n    <div style=\"background:#F8F8F8\" class=\"h-[100%]  article-card\"\n        id=\"article-card\">\n        <div class=\"article-card-header\">\n                                                <span style=\"color:#781d7e\" class=\"article-caption\">Insights<\/span>\n                \n            \n            <div class=\"article-title no-underline group-hover:!underline line-clamp-3\">\n                Cybersecurity for Banks after the Critical Infrastructure Ordinance: Same Same, But Different\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-author-and-date-container \">\n                            <span data-href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/padraig-walsh\/\"\n                    class=\"article-author cursor-pointer hover:underline\">\n                    P\u00e1draig Walsh<\/span>\n\n            \n                            <svg width=\"5\" height=\"5\" viewBox=\"0 0 5 5\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path\n                        d=\"M0.680664 2.56641V2.20605C0.680664 1.70215 0.838867 1.28613 1.15527 0.958008C1.47754 0.629883 1.91406 0.46582 2.46484 0.46582C3.02148 0.46582 3.46094 0.629883 3.7832 0.958008C4.10547 1.28613 4.2666 1.70215 4.2666 2.20605V2.56641C4.2666 3.06445 4.10547 3.47754 3.7832 3.80566C3.4668 4.12793 3.03027 4.28906 2.47363 4.28906C1.92285 4.28906 1.48633 4.12793 1.16406 3.80566C0.841797 3.47754 0.680664 3.06445 0.680664 2.56641Z\"\n                        fill=\"#656363\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            \n            <span>14 9 \u6708 2026<\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n<script>\n\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n            const author = document.querySelector(\".article-author\");\n\n            author.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\n                e.stopPropagation();\n\n                window.location = author.getAttribute('data-href')\n            });\n        });\n    })();\n\n<\/script>                        \n                                                                        \n<a class=\"h-[100%] block no-underline group\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/cybersecurity-for-banks-after-the-critical-infrastructure-ordinance-same-same-but-different\/\">\n    <div style=\"background:#F8F8F8\" class=\"h-[100%]  article-card\"\n        id=\"article-card\">\n        <div class=\"article-card-header\">\n                                                <span style=\"color:#781d7e\" class=\"article-caption\">Insights<\/span>\n                \n            \n            <div class=\"article-title no-underline group-hover:!underline line-clamp-3\">\n                Cybersecurity for Banks after the Critical Infrastructure Ordinance: Same Same, But Different\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-author-and-date-container \">\n                            <span data-href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/padraig-walsh\/\"\n                    class=\"article-author cursor-pointer hover:underline\">\n                    P\u00e1draig Walsh<\/span>\n\n            \n                            <svg width=\"5\" height=\"5\" viewBox=\"0 0 5 5\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path\n                        d=\"M0.680664 2.56641V2.20605C0.680664 1.70215 0.838867 1.28613 1.15527 0.958008C1.47754 0.629883 1.91406 0.46582 2.46484 0.46582C3.02148 0.46582 3.46094 0.629883 3.7832 0.958008C4.10547 1.28613 4.2666 1.70215 4.2666 2.20605V2.56641C4.2666 3.06445 4.10547 3.47754 3.7832 3.80566C3.4668 4.12793 3.03027 4.28906 2.47363 4.28906C1.92285 4.28906 1.48633 4.12793 1.16406 3.80566C0.841797 3.47754 0.680664 3.06445 0.680664 2.56641Z\"\n                        fill=\"#656363\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            \n            <span>14 9 \u6708 2026<\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n<script>\n\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n            const author = document.querySelector(\".article-author\");\n\n            author.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\n                e.stopPropagation();\n\n                window.location = author.getAttribute('data-href')\n            });\n        });\n    })();\n\n<\/script>                        \n                                                                        \n<a class=\"h-[100%] block no-underline group\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/insight-and-news\/news-update-hong-kong-moves-closer-to-a-full-virtual-asset-services-regime\/\">\n    <div style=\"background:#F8F8F8\" class=\"h-[100%]  article-card\"\n        id=\"article-card\">\n        <div class=\"article-card-header\">\n                                                <span style=\"color:#781d7e\" class=\"article-caption\">Insights<\/span>\n                \n            \n            <div class=\"article-title no-underline group-hover:!underline line-clamp-3\">\n                News update: Hong Kong moves closer to a full virtual asset services regime\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"article-author-and-date-container \">\n                            <span data-href=\"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/our-people\/padraig-walsh\/\"\n                    class=\"article-author cursor-pointer hover:underline\">\n                    P\u00e1draig Walsh<\/span>\n\n            \n                            <svg width=\"5\" height=\"5\" viewBox=\"0 0 5 5\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n                    <path\n                        d=\"M0.680664 2.56641V2.20605C0.680664 1.70215 0.838867 1.28613 1.15527 0.958008C1.47754 0.629883 1.91406 0.46582 2.46484 0.46582C3.02148 0.46582 3.46094 0.629883 3.7832 0.958008C4.10547 1.28613 4.2666 1.70215 4.2666 2.20605V2.56641C4.2666 3.06445 4.10547 3.47754 3.7832 3.80566C3.4668 4.12793 3.03027 4.28906 2.47363 4.28906C1.92285 4.28906 1.48633 4.12793 1.16406 3.80566C0.841797 3.47754 0.680664 3.06445 0.680664 2.56641Z\"\n                        fill=\"#656363\" \/>\n                <\/svg>\n            \n            <span>06 8 \u6708 2026<\/span>\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/a>\n\n<script>\n\n    (function () {\n        document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", () => {\n            const author = document.querySelector(\".article-author\");\n\n            author.addEventListener('click', (e) => {\n                e.stopPropagation();\n\n                window.location = author.getAttribute('data-href')\n            });\n        });\n    })();\n\n<\/script>                        \n                                    \n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"mt-5 xl:mt-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n         \n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In \u6e2f\u6ed9\u7269\u696d\u7ba1\u7406\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8 v \u5433\u6c38\u5fd7 [2026] HKDC 1421 (Chinese judgment  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":36412,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[],"insight-category":[1121],"insight-month":[1150],"insight-practice-area":[1131],"insight-year":[1147],"class_list":["post-36411","insight-and-news","type-insight-and-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","insight-category-legal-updates-and-insights","insight-month-october","insight-practice-area-employment","insight-year-1147"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-and-news\/36411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-and-news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/insight-and-news"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-and-news\/36411\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36429,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-and-news\/36411\/revisions\/36429"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36411"},{"taxonomy":"insight-category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-category?post=36411"},{"taxonomy":"insight-month","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-month?post=36411"},{"taxonomy":"insight-practice-area","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-practice-area?post=36411"},{"taxonomy":"insight-year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tannerdewitt.com\/zh-hant\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/insight-year?post=36411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}